大理大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (2): 22-30.DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2026. 02. 004

• 药学 • 上一篇    下一篇

大理白族自治州4 家PIVAS 抗肿瘤药物职业暴露监测与安全管理的应用研究

肖杉蕊1,古 云1,谢雨璇2,王海秀3,张 罡4,魏正祥5,李 霞1*   

  1. (1.大理大学第一附属医院静脉用药调配中心,云南大理 671000; 2.大理大学药学院,云南大理 671000;
    3.大理白族自治州人民医院,云南大理 671000; 4.大理市第一人民医院,云南大理 671000;
    5.祥云县人民医院,云南祥云 672100)
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-01 修回日期:2025-09-20 出版日期:2026-02-15 发布日期:2026-03-18
  • 通讯作者: 李霞,主管药师,E-mail:1057419139@qq.com。
  • 作者简介:肖杉蕊,药师,主要从事临床药学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2024J0851);大理市科技计划项目(2024KBG028)

Occupational Exposure Assessment and Safety Management of Antineoplastic Drugs in Four PIVAS in#br# Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture

Xiao Shanrui1, Gu Yun1, Xie Yuxuan2, Wang Haixiu3, Zhang Gang4, Wei Zhengxiang5, Li Xia1*   

  1. (1. Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Service, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China; 2. College
    of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China; 3. Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture People′s Hospital, Dali, Yunnan
    671000, China; 4. The First People′s Hospital of Dali City, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China; 5. The People′s Hospital of Xiangyun,
    Xiangyun, Yunnan 672100, China)
  • Received:2025-08-01 Revised:2025-09-20 Online:2026-02-15 Published:2026-03-18

摘要: 目的:评估大理白族自治州4家静脉用药调配中心(PIVAS)工作环境中抗肿瘤药物(ADs)残留及工作人员职业暴露情
况。方法:选取紫杉醇与顺铂作为标志物,采集4家医院PIVAS环境及个人防护用具擦拭样本进行环境监测;选取40名接触
ADs的工作人员为暴露组,40名不接触者为非暴露组,采集血液进行血常规及免疫五项检测。结果:环境样本中紫杉醇与顺铂
检出率分别为3.57%和28.57%,最大残留量分别为3.08 ng/mL和56.62 ng/mL;防护用具表面检出率分别为6.25%和62.50%,最
大残留量分别为5.22 ng/mL和527.70 ng/mL。生物监测显示,2组血常规仅单核细胞计数差异临界显著(P=0.050),校正混杂因
素后职业接触仅对单核细胞计数影响显著(P<0.05);2组免疫五项指标差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:PIVAS工作环境
及防护用具表面存在ADs残留,工作人员单核细胞数量变化提示长期或高强度暴露可能潜在影响免疫功能。建议加强PIVAS
环境清洁与个人防护,定期开展环境与生物监测以降低职业暴露风险。

关键词: 静脉用药调配中心, 抗肿瘤药物, 职业暴露, 环境监测, 生物监测

Abstract: Objective: To assess the residue of antineoplastic drugs (ADs) in the working environment and the occupational exposure
of staff in four pharmacy intravenous admixture service (PIVAS) in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture. Methods: Paclitaxel and cisplatin
were selected as indicators, and samples of PIVAS environment and personal protective equipment wiping from 4 hospitals were col⁃
lected for environmental monitoring. Forty staff members who were exposed to ADs were selected as the exposure group, while 40 nonexposed
individuals were selected as the non-exposure group. Blood samples were collected for blood routine test and five-item im⁃
mune panel tests. Results: The detection rates of paclitaxel and cisplatin in environmental samples were 3.57% and 28.57% respec⁃
tively, and the maximum residues were 3.08 ng/mL and 56.62 ng/mL respectively. The detection rates on the surfaces of protective
equipment were 6.25% and 62.50% respectively, and the maximum residues were 5.22 ng/mL and 527.70 ng/mL respectively. Biologi⁃
cal monitoring showed that only the monocyte count in the blood routine of the two groups was marginally significant (P=0.050), and af⁃
ter adjusting for confounding factors, occupational exposure only had a significant effect on the monocyte count (P<0.05). There were no
statistically significant differences in the five immune indicators between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Residual ADs were de⁃
tected on surfaces in the PIVAS working environment and protective equipment. Changes in the number of monocytes among the ex⁃
posed staff indicate a potential impact on immune function associated with long-term or high-level exposure. Enhanced PIVAS envi⁃
ronmental cleaning, strict personal protection, regular environmental and biological monitoring are recommended to mitigate the risk of
occupational exposure.

Key words: pharmacy intravenous admixture service, antineoplastic drugs, occupational exposure, environmental monitoring, biologi?
cal monitoring

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